| Abrasive Media | Steel shot, steel grit, aluminum oxide, glass bead, or mineral abrasive | Removes rust, scale, paint, burrs, and surface contamination while creating a controlled surface profile. | Round media for peening and polishing; angular media for aggressive cutting; common particle sizes range from fine to coarse grades. | Automotive parts, fabricated steel, castings, weldments, maintenance repairs, and surface preparation before coating. | Match hardness, shape, size, cleanliness, and recyclability to the substrate and required surface profile. | Keep media dry and screened. Remove broken particles and contamination to maintain consistent performance and reduce dust. |
| Blast Machine or Pressure Vessel | Pressurized abrasive pot, metering valve, remote-control system, and deadman control | Stores abrasive and delivers it at a controlled rate into the compressed-air stream. | Capacity is commonly selected by work duration and mobility; operating pressure must remain within the vessel rating. | Outdoor work, structural steel, ship maintenance, large fabrications, and areas that cannot accommodate a cabinet. | Check vessel certification, abrasive compatibility, metering accuracy, control response, and ease of filling and emptying. | Inspect the vessel, valves, gaskets, and remote-control system before use. Never bypass the deadman control or exceed rated pressure. |
| Blast Cabinet | Enclosed cabinet, viewing window, gloves, work grate, hopper, and recovery system | Contains abrasive and dust while allowing controlled blasting of small and medium-sized workpieces. | Manual or automated designs; cabinet size depends on part dimensions; commonly fitted with a cyclone or cartridge dust collector. | Small components, repair shops, laboratories, maintenance departments, and repeatable batch work. | Consider internal dimensions, visibility, glove ergonomics, loading access, media recovery, and dust-removal capacity. | Replace worn gloves and window liners. Keep the cabinet sealed and verify that the ventilation system maintains effective negative pressure. |
| Blast Nozzle | Tungsten carbide, silicon carbide, ceramic, or other wear-resistant nozzle liner | Accelerates and directs abrasive toward the work surface. | Straight-bore nozzles support concentrated cleaning; venturi-style nozzles improve productivity; orifice size affects air and abrasive demand. | General cleaning, coating removal, profile creation, detail work, and high-production surface preparation. | Select the liner for abrasive type, required productivity, air supply, stand-off distance, and acceptable wear rate. | Measure the orifice regularly. Replace a nozzle when wear increases air consumption or produces an uneven blast pattern. |
| Compressed-Air System | Compressor, receiver tank, air regulator, separator, and distribution piping | Provides the airflow and pressure needed to propel abrasive consistently. | Required capacity depends on nozzle diameter and operating pressure; clean, dry air is essential for reliable blasting. | All pneumatic blasting systems, from portable pressure pots to fixed blast cabinets. | Size the compressor for continuous airflow demand rather than only peak pressure. Allow reserve capacity for hose and filter losses. | Drain moisture from receivers and filters. Inspect hoses, couplings, and pressure gauges for leaks or damage before operation. |
| Air Treatment and Moisture Control | Aftercooler, moisture separator, coalescing filter, and air dryer | Reduces water and oil contamination that can clog abrasive, damage coatings, or create an inconsistent finish. | Systems may combine separators, refrigerated dryers, desiccant dryers, and in-line filters according to air-quality needs. | Coating preparation, dry abrasive blasting, cabinet systems, and operations in humid environments. | Choose filtration based on compressor output, ambient humidity, required dew point, and coating specifications. | Drain separators, replace filter elements, and monitor pressure drop. Wet abrasive should be removed rather than forced through the system. |
| Blast Hose and Couplings | Abrasion-resistant blast hose, nozzle holder, couplings, gaskets, and safety cables | Transfers the abrasive-air mixture from the machine to the nozzle with minimal pressure loss. | Blast hoses are typically thicker and more abrasion-resistant than ordinary air hoses; internal diameter should suit the nozzle. | Portable blasting, fixed blast rooms, construction sites, and industrial maintenance. | Consider hose length, internal diameter, bend radius, static dissipation, coupling compatibility, and expected abrasive wear. | Inspect for soft spots, cuts, bulges, and exposed reinforcement. Secure couplings and use whip checks where required. |
| Dust Collection System | Cartridge or bag filter, fan, ducting, pre-separator, and collection bin | Captures airborne dust, improves visibility, protects nearby workers, and helps maintain cabinet or room airflow. | Capacity is selected according to enclosure volume, leakage, abrasive type, and required air changes. | Blast cabinets, blast rooms, enclosed production lines, and indoor surface-preparation areas. | Evaluate airflow, filter area, pressure drop, automatic cleaning, dust classification, and discharge method. | Do not operate with blocked filters or inadequate airflow. Empty collection bins safely and follow applicable exposure-control requirements. |
| Abrasive Recovery and Recycling Equipment | Floor recovery system, screw conveyor, pneumatic recovery, cyclone separator, and screening unit | Collects reusable abrasive, removes fines and debris, and reduces material consumption. | Gravity, mechanical, and pneumatic systems are available; screening separates usable media from dust and oversized debris. | High-volume blast rooms, automated facilities, steel fabrication, and repetitive production work. | Match the system to media density, floor layout, throughput, contamination level, and maintenance resources. | Inspect conveyors, screens, seals, and transfer points. Remove tramp metal and spent abrasive before it damages equipment. |
| Personal Protective Equipment | Supplied-air blast helmet, protective suit, gloves, hearing protection, safety footwear, and eye protection | Protects operators from abrasive impact, dust inhalation, excessive noise, and ricochet hazards. | Use equipment rated for abrasive blasting; supplied-air respirators require compatible breathing-air quality and airflow. | Every abrasive-blasting operation, including cabinet, pressure-pot, and blast-room work. | Confirm fit, coverage, impact resistance, breathing-air requirements, heat management, and compatibility with other PPE. | Inspect before each use, clean after use, and replace damaged components. Respiratory protection requires a documented program and proper fit testing where applicable. |
| Surface Profile and Cleanliness Tools | Profile comparator, digital gauge, replica tape, surface-cleanliness test kit, and inspection light | Verifies that blasting has achieved the specified cleanliness and surface profile before coating. | Tools may measure surface roughness, dust, soluble salts, ambient conditions, and coating adhesion readiness. | Protective coatings, bridges, tanks, machinery, pipelines, and quality-controlled fabrication. | Select instruments according to the governing project specification and the required measurement range. | Calibrate or verify instruments regularly. Record measurements by location, abrasive condition, and blasting stage. |
| Workholding and Masking Supplies | Hooks, racks, turntables, plugs, caps, rubber masking, and magnetic or mechanical fixtures | Positions parts for uniform coverage and protects threads, machined surfaces, seals, and openings. | Reusable or disposable designs; heat- and abrasion-resistant masking is preferred for demanding applications. | Complex castings, threaded components, precision-machined parts, and batch production. | Choose fixtures that allow line-of-sight access, minimize shadowing, and withstand abrasive impact without contaminating the part. | Remove loose masking fragments and inspect protected areas after blasting. Clean fixtures to prevent transferred contamination. |